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Centromere protein B is a highly conserved protein that facilitates centromere formation. It is a DNA-binding protein that is derived from transposases of the pogo DNA transposon family. It contains a helix-loop-helix DNA binding motif at the N-terminus and a dimerization domain at the C-terminus.
B: Centromere C: Long arm (q arm) D: ... It has been proposed that histone H3 variant CENP-A (Centromere Protein A) is the epigenetic mark of the centromere. [29]
CENPF is part of the nuclear matrix during the G2 phase of the cell cycle (the phase of rapid protein synthesis in preparation for mitosis).In late G2, the protein forms part of the kinetochore, a disc-shaped protein complex that allows the centromere of two sister chromatids to attach to microtubules (forming the spindle apparatus) in order for the microtubules to pull them apart in the ...
Inner centromere protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the INCENP gene. [5] [6] [7] It is a regulatory protein in the chromosome passenger complex (CPC). It is involved in regulation of the catalytic proteins Aurora B and Aurora C. [8] [9] [10] It acts in association with two other proteins - Survivin and Borealin.
Centromere protein A, also known as CENPA, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CENPA gene. [5] CENPA is a histone H3 variant which is the critical factor determining the kinetochore position(s) on each chromosome [ 6 ] in most eukaryotes including humans.
Anti-centromere antibodies (ACAs; often styled solid, anticentromere) are autoantibodies specific to centromere and kinetochore function. They occur in some autoimmune diseases , frequently in limited systemic scleroderma (formerly called CREST syndrome ), and occasionally in the diffuse form of scleroderma .
Expression of Aurora B reaches a maximum at the G2-M transition, whereas Aurora B protein is most active during mitosis. [6] Aurora B is a chromosomal passenger protein. Specifically, Aurora B localizes to the chromosomes in prophase, the centromere in prometaphase and metaphase, and the central mitotic spindle in anaphase. [8]
Centromere protein J is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CENPJ gene. [5] [6] It is also known as centrosomal P4.1-associated protein (CPAP).During cell division, this protein plays a structural role in the maintenance of centrosome integrity and normal spindle morphology, and it is involved in microtubule disassembly at the centrosome.
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