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Hashitoxicosis, which can be abbreviated "Htx", [1] is a transient hyperthyroidism caused by inflammation associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis disturbing the thyroid follicles, resulting in excess release of thyroid hormone. [2
The plasma cells are polyclonal, with present germinal centers resembling the structure of a lymph node [5] (aka secondary lymphoid follicles, not to be confused with the normally present colloid-filled follicles that constitute the thyroid). [60] Atrophic colloid follicles are lined by Hürthle cells (cells with intensely eosinophilic and ...
This is a form of targeted therapy for hyperthyroidism. Since even low levels of ionizing radiation are highly mutagenic and can cause cancer, [16] less toxic iodine isotopes such as iodine-123 [17] are more commonly used in nuclear imaging, while iodine-131 is used for its cytolytic (cell-destroying) effects in hyperthyroidism and thyroid ...
Thyroid hormone treatment is also included if required. Failure of some patients to respond to this first-line treatment has produced a variety of alternative treatments, including azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, chloroquine, methotrexate, periodic intravenous immunoglobulin, and plasma exchange. No controlled trials have been conducted, so the ...
Thyroid follicular cells form a simple cuboidal epithelium and are arranged in spherical thyroid follicles surrounding a fluid filled space known as the colloid. The interior space formed by the follicular cells is known as the follicular lumen .
It shows marked hyperplasia of thyroid follicular cells, generally more so than toxic multinodular goitre, forming papillae into the thyroid follicles, and with scalloping of the peripheral colloid. Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder, in which the body produces antibodies that are specific to a self-protein - the receptor for thyroid ...
Other severe side effects include liver problems and low blood cell counts. [3] Use during pregnancy may harm the baby. [3] Propylthiouracil is in the antithyroid family of medications. [4] It works by decreasing the amount of thyroid hormone produced by the thyroid gland and blocking the conversion of thyroxine (T4) to triiodothyronine (T3). [3]
It is to be distinguished from the Plummer effect, which inhibits the proteolysis of thyroglobulin and the release of pre-formed thyroid hormones from follicles. [14] Both effects operate on different time scales. [14] Only the Wolff–Chaikoff effect is helpful to prevent the thyroid from uptaking radioactive iodine in the case of nuclear ...