Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Invasive urothelial carcinoma is a type of transitional cell carcinoma. It is a type of cancer that develops in the urinary system: the kidney , urinary bladder , and accessory organs. Transitional cell carcinoma is the most common type of bladder cancer and cancer of the ureter , urethra , renal pelvis , the ureters , the bladder , and parts ...
[2] [3] It is the second most common type of kidney cancer, but accounts for only five to 10 percent of all primary renal malignant tumors. [4] Men and older people have a higher rate of urothelial carcinomas. Other risk factors include smoking and exposure to aromatic amines. [5] Treatment approaches depend on the stage and spread of the tumour.
Bladder tumors are classified by their appearance under the microscope, and by their cell type of origin. Over 90% of bladder tumors arise from the cells that form the bladder's inner lining, called urothelial cells or transitional cells; the tumor is then classified as urothelial cancer or transitional cell cancer.
Primary urethral cancer is rare and contributes to less than 1% of all cancers. It is three times more common in men than women and its incidence rises after the age of 75. [1] Around half of affected people have locally advanced disease when they first present. 54–65% of cases are of the urothelial carcinoma type. [1]
They cannot be reliably differentiated from low grade papillary urothelial carcinomas using cytology, [1] and their diagnosis (vis-a-vis low grade papillary urothelial carcinoma) has a poor inter-rater reliability. [2] Pathologic grading and staging tumors are: graded by the degree of cellular atypia (G1->G3), and staged: [citation needed ...
Should the transitional cell carcinoma grow toward the inner surface of the bladder via finger-like projections, it is known as papillary carcinoma. Otherwise, it is known as flat carcinoma. [ 11 ] Either form can transition from non-invasive to invasive by spreading into the muscle layers of the bladder.
Progression of epithelial cancer often relies on deep and regional lymph node invasion. [12] The lamina propria, being one of the barriers to the submucosa, is an area where epithelial cancer invasion is of significance since lymphatic invasion is an independent predictor of lymph node metastasis, especially in gastric cancer. [13]
[2] [4] Transitional cell carcinoma is "a common cause of ureter cancer and other urinary (renal pelvic) tract cancers." [ 1 ] Because the inside of the ureters and the inside of the bladder contain the same cell type, people who have been diagnosed with ureteral cancer are more likely to also be diagnosed with bladder cancer, and vice versa.