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Paleo-Indians have lived in Michigan for about 12,000 years. Clovis artifacts have been found across Michigan. At the end of the Paleo-Indian period and the beginning of the archaic period caribou hunting occurred on the Alpena-Amberley ridge around 7000 BCE when lake levels were much lower. V shaped boulder hunting blinds and driving lanes ...
During this era, the Indian Removal Act of 1830 was passed, leading to the genocide of many eastern Indian tribes. [25] The final treaty with Native Americans which was known as The End of Treating Making 1871 [ 26 ] marked the end of government recognition of Indian tribes and introduced the creation of Indian reservations that continue to the ...
The tribes trained and used horses to ride and to carry packs or pull travois. The people fully incorporated the use of horses into their societies and expanded their territories. They used horses to carry goods for exchange with neighboring tribes, to hunt game, especially bison, and to conduct wars and horse raids.
European demand for fur changed the relations of the plains, increased the occurrence of war, and displaced several Indian nations that were forced away by the Sioux coming from the east. On the northern plains, European trade lay in the hands of the Hudson's Bay Company , although most of the territory belonged to France , and later Spain .
The tribe later split, with the Chippewas settling in the northern lower peninsula, the Pottawatomies staying south of the Kalamazoo River and the Ottawa staying in central Michigan. [2] By the late 1600s, the Ottawa, who occupied territory around the Great Lakes and spoke one of the numerous Algonquian languages, moved into the Grand Rapids ...
Treaty between two Cherokee towns with English traders of Carolina, 1684 Established a steady trade in deerskins and Indian slaves. Cherokee leaders who signed were: the Raven (Corani or Kalanu); Sinnawa the Hawk (Tawodi); Nellawgitchi (possibly Mankiller); Gorhaleke; Owasta; – all from Toxawa; and Canacaught (the Great Conqueror); Gohoma; and Caunasaita of Keowa.
1842 The Treaty of La Pointe was the last Native American land cession in Michigan. 1846 Marji-Gesick, an Ojibwa Indian, pointed out a large deposit of iron ore to prospector Philo Everett near the present-day city of Negaunee. 1847 Under the leadership of Albertus van Raalte, Dutch Calvinist separatists founded Holland, Michigan, in southwest ...
Walpole Island is an island and First Nation reserve in southwestern Ontario, Canada, on the border between Ontario and Michigan in the United States.It is located in the mouth of the Saint Clair River on Lake Saint Clair, about 121 kilometres (75 mi) by road from Windsor, [2] Ontario, and 124 kilometres (77 mi) from Detroit, Michigan.