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English. Read; Edit; View history; Tools. ... Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects Wikidata item; ... Drug use may refer to any drug use; or:
In 1987, the DSM-IIIR category "psychoactive substance abuse", which includes former concepts of drug abuse is defined as "a maladaptive pattern of use indicated by...continued use despite knowledge of having a persistent or recurrent social, occupational, psychological or physical problem that is caused or exacerbated by the use (or by ...
Alcohol (from the Arabic word al-kuḥl, الكحل), sometimes referred to by the chemical name ethanol, is one of the most widely used and abused psychoactive drugs in the world. It is a central nervous system (CNS) depressant, decreasing electrical activity of neurons in the brain.
Disproved theory that cannabis use leads to use of potentially-deadly, dependence-forming substances such as alcohol and barbiturates, or heroin. gift economy A means of exchanging cannabis for non-monetary gain, in jurisdictions where its possession is legal but its sale is not legal [ 28 ]
The operant conditioning theory of learning is useful in understanding why the mood-altering or stimulating consequences of drug use can reinforce continued use (an example of positive reinforcement) and why the addicted person seeks to avoid withdrawal through continued use (an example of negative reinforcement). Stimulus control is using the ...
A chipper is an occasional recreational-drug user who does not use drugs with the regularity or frequency that is typical of addiction. It is used particularly to refer to occasional users of opiates and tobacco smokers. It can also refer to people who use various recreational drugs, but none habitually.
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The definition encompassing "any illegal drug" was first recorded in 1926. Its first use as an adjective is first attested to c. 1600. [23] There are many different types of narcotics. The two most common forms of narcotic drugs are morphine and codeine. Both are synthesized from opium for medicinal use.