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  2. Surface chemistry of cooking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_chemistry_of_cooking

    Water vapor is a critical component of how pan frying works. Raw meat products contain up to 73% water. [4] The meat is cooked by the evaporation of this water. When the water is vaporized it leaves the meat through pores in the surface of the meat. Another source of water vapor is the Maillard Reaction. This reaction is responsible for why ...

  3. Boiling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boiling

    Boiling is the method of cooking food in boiling water or other water-based liquids such as stock or milk. [13] Simmering is gentle boiling, while in poaching the cooking liquid moves but scarcely bubbles. [14] The boiling point of water is typically considered to be 100 °C (212 °F; 373 K), especially at sea level.

  4. Mpemba effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mpemba_effect

    Evaporation: The evaporation of the warmer water reduces the mass of the water to be frozen. [22] Evaporation is endothermic, meaning that the water mass is cooled by vapor carrying away the heat, but this alone probably does not account for the entirety of the effect. [5] Convection, accelerating heat transfers: Reduction of water density ...

  5. Reduction (cooking) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reduction_(cooking)

    In cooking, reduction is the process of thickening and intensifying the flavor of a liquid mixture, such as a soup, sauce, wine or juice, by simmering or boiling. [1] Reduction is performed by simmering or boiling a liquid, such as a stock, fruit or vegetable juice, wine, vinegar or sauce, until the desired concentration is reached by ...

  6. List of cooking techniques - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cooking_techniques

    A method of cooking where a container of food is placed in or above boiling water in order to heat gradually or to keep warm. [5] baking barding Wrapping meat in fat prior to roasting. [6] barbecuing Cooking meat or fish slowly over a barbecue grill with indirect heat and smoke. basting Periodically pouring liquid over food as it roasts. [7 ...

  7. Simmering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simmering

    Meatball soup simmering on a stove. Simmering is a food preparation technique by which foods are cooked in hot liquids kept just below the boiling point of water [1] (lower than 100 °C or 212 °F) and above poaching temperature (higher than 71–80 °C or 160–176 °F). To create a steady simmer, a liquid is brought to a boil, then its heat ...

  8. Outline of food preparation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_food_preparation

    Simmering – foods are cooked in hot liquids kept at or just below the boiling point of water, [3] but higher than poaching temperature. Steaming – boiling water continuously so it vaporizes into steam and carries heat to the food being steamed, thus cooking the food.

  9. Vacuum evaporation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuum_evaporation

    The vacuum evaporation treatment process consists of reducing the interior pressure of the evaporation chamber below atmospheric pressure. This reduces the boiling point of the liquid to be evaporated, thereby reducing or eliminating the need for heat in both the boiling and condensation processes.