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Immunofluorescence is a widely used example of immunostaining (using antibodies to stain proteins) and is a specific example of immunohistochemistry (the use of the antibody-antigen relationship in tissues). This technique primarily utilizes fluorophores to visualize the location of the antibodies, while others provoke a color change in the ...
DNA Sequencing: Sanger Sequencing is a common form of nucleic acid detection that may use fluorescently labeled ddNTPs to image fluorescence peaks; Fluorescence image guided surgery: is a medical imaging approach that fluorescently labels a mass to aid in navigation. For example, indocyanine green can be used to detect lymph nodes in cancer ...
Micrograph of a GFAP immunostained section of a brain tumour.. In biochemistry, immunostaining is any use of an antibody-based method to detect a specific protein in a sample. . The term "immunostaining" was originally used to refer to the immunohistochemical staining of tissue sections, as first described by Albert Coons in 1941.
Immunohistochemistry can be performed on tissue that has been fixed and embedded in paraffin, but also cryopreservated (frozen) tissue.Based on the way the tissue is preserved, there are different steps to prepare the tissue for immunohistochemistry, but the general method includes proper fixation, antigen retrieval incubation with primary antibody, then incubation with secondary antibody.
Multi-color images of several types of fluorophores must be composed by combining several single-color images. [1] Most fluorescence microscopes in use are epifluorescence microscopes, where excitation of the fluorophore and detection of the fluorescence are done through the same light path (i.e. through the objective).
Gold is used for its high electron density which increases electron scatter to give high contrast 'dark spots'. [3] First used in 1971, immunogold labeling has been applied to both transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, as well as brightfield microscopy. The labeling technique can be adapted to distinguish multiple ...
A NASA illustration of a lateral flow assay. A lateral flow test (LFT), [1] is an assay also known as a lateral flow immunochromatographic test (ICT), or rapid test.It is a simple device intended to detect the presence of a target substance in a liquid sample without the need for specialized and costly equipment.
When more than one well is used there are many possible outcomes based on the reactivity of the antigen and antibody selected. The zone of equivalence lines may give a full identity (i.e. a continuous line), partial identity (i.e. a continuous line with a spur at one end), or a non-identity (i.e. the two lines cross completely). [citation needed]