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Hyperpathia describes the neuropathic pain which the pain threshold on one hand is elevated and the other hand is central hyperexcited whenever there is a loss of fibres. Hyperpathia is underlying the peripheral or central deafferentation when the afferent inputs are lost. [1] Hyperpathia only occurs on neuropathic pain patients with the loss ...
[3] [4] Chronic pain is considered a syndrome because of the associated symptoms that develop in those experiencing this disorder. [5] Chronic pain affects approximately 20% of people worldwide and accounts for 15–20% of visits to a physician. [3] Pain can be categorized according to its location, cause, or the anatomical system which it affects.
[2] Mental disorders can amplify pain signals and make symptoms more severe. [135] In addition, comorbid psychiatric disorders, such as major depressive disorder, can significantly delay the diagnosis of pain disorders. [136] Major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder are the most common comorbidities associated with chronic pain.
"Generalized pain, defined as pain in at least 4 of 5 regions, is present." "Symptoms have been present at a similar level for at least 3 months." "Widespread pain index (WPI) ≥ 7 and symptom severity scale (SSS) score ≥ 5 OR WPI of 4–6 and SSS score ≥ 9." "A diagnosis of fibromyalgia is valid irrespective of other diagnoses.
The neurological or physiological basis for chronic pain disorders is currently unknown; they are not explained by, for example, clinically obtainable evidence of disease or of damage to the painful areas. [citation needed] In many cases, pain levels can vary depending on circumstances, and can often be moderated to some extent by activity and ...
Allodynia is a condition in which pain is caused by a stimulus that does not normally elicit pain. [1] For example, sunburn can cause temporary allodynia, so that usually painless stimuli, such as wearing clothing or running cold or warm water over it, can be very painful.
Amplified musculoskeletal pain syndrome (AMPS) is an illness characterized by notable pain intensity without an identifiable physical cause. [1] [6] Characteristic symptoms include skin sensitivity to light touch, also known as allodynia. Associated symptoms may include changes associated with disuse including changes in skin texture, color ...
Duloxetine, sold under the brand name Cymbalta among others, [1] is a medication used to treat major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, fibromyalgia, neuropathic pain and central sensitization. [10] [11] It is taken by mouth. [10] Duloxetine is a serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI ...