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The conservation-restoration of panel paintings involves preventive and treatment measures taken by paintings conservators to slow deterioration, preserve, and repair damage. Panel paintings consist of a wood support, a ground (linen or parchment sized with glues , resin , and gesso ), and an image layer ( encaustic , tempera , oil ). [ 1 ]
The conservation and restoration of paintings is carried out by professional painting conservators. Paintings cover a wide range of various mediums, materials, and their supports (i.e. the painted surface made from fabric, paper, wood panel, fabricated board, or other).
The practice of conserving an unstable painting on panel by transferring it from its original decayed, worm-eaten, cracked, or distorted wood support to canvas or a new panel has been practised since the 18th century. It has now been largely superseded by improved methods of wood conservation. [2]
The Panel Paintings Initiative is a response to the growing recognition that significant collections of paintings on wood panels may be at risk in coming decades due to the waning numbers of conservators and craftspeople with the highly specialized skills required for the conservation of these complex works of art.
Applying a cradle to the back of a panel painting almost always leads to more severe structural problems depending on the climate in which the painting is kept and the way the planks of the panel were saw. Nowadays, in the modern world of conservation cradling a painting has been outdated and subject to criticism.
The Canadian Conservation Institute lists ten agents of deterioration that play a role in damaging an object or work of art. [4] While all of these agents play a role in damaging a painting over its lifetime, five primary agents are involved in the degradation of an artwork's canvas and its pigment layers.
Conservation and restoration of outdoor murals; Conservation and restoration of panel paintings; Conservation and restoration of Tibetan thangkas; Conservation-restoration of Leonardo da Vinci's The Last Supper; Conservation-restoration of Thomas Eakins' The Gross Clinic; Cradling (paintings) Craquelure
A century later, apprised of paintings of Atalanta and Helen without drapery and "enflamed with lust", Caligula attempted to carry them off, but was prevented by the makeup of the plaster. [4] Maiuri cites examples of wall paintings in wooden frames excavated at Pompeii, a precursor to what was to follow in the 18th and 19th centuries.