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The genus was first introduced in 1780 by French mycologist Pierre Bulliard for a range of different fungi producing fruit bodies with an ear-like shape. In 1822 Christian Hendrik Persoon restricted the genus to two gelatinous species, Auricularia mesenterica (which became the type species) and A. sambuci (a synonym of Auricularia auricula-judae). [2]
Several species within the order are edible and two, Auricularia heimuer and Auricularia cornea, are cultivated on a commercial scale, particularly in China and southeast Asia. They are widely exported, in a dried or powdered state, as "black fungus", "cloud ears", or "wood ears".
The species is said to be commonly consumed in Poland. [16] A related fungus, Auricularia heimuer, is widely used in East Asian cooking and has often been misidentified as Auricularia auricula-judae. Auricularia auricula-judae has a mild flavour, which may be considered bland. [24]
Auricularia nigricans is a species of fungus in the family Auriculariaceae. Basidiocarps (fruitbodies} are gelatinous, ear-like, and grow on dead wood of broadleaf trees. It is found in southern and eastern Asia, North America, South America and the Caribbean .
Auricularia cornea, also known as cloud ear, is a species of fungus in the order Auriculariales. It is commercially cultivated for food in China. It is commercially cultivated for food in China. Auricularia cornea is a popular ingredient in many Chinese dishes and is also used in traditional Chinese medicine.
The species was originally described in 1987 from Quebec on Abies balsamea, but was not validly published until 2003. Molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, has shown that Auricularia americana is a distinct species.
Around 200 species are known worldwide, placed in six or more families, though the status of these families is currently uncertain. All species in the Auriculariales are believed to be saprotrophic, most growing on dead wood. Fruit bodies of several Auricularia species are cultivated for food on a commercial scale, especially in China.
Auricularia mesenterica, commonly known as the tripe fungus, is a species of fungus in the family Auriculariaceae. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are gelatinous and typically formed in coalescing tiers on stumps and logs.