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In organic chemistry, alkynylation is an addition reaction in which a terminal alkyne (−C≡CH) is added to a carbonyl group (C=O) to form an α-alkynyl alcohol (R 2 C(−OH)−C≡C−R). [1] [2] When the acetylide is formed from acetylene (HC≡CH), the reaction gives an α-ethynyl alcohol. This process is often referred to as ethynylation.
The Favorskii reaction is an organic chemistry reaction between an alkyne and a carbonyl group, under basic conditions. The reaction was discovered in the early 1900s by the Russian chemist Alexei Yevgrafovich Favorskii. [1] Favorskii reaction and the possible subsequent rearrangement
Propargyl alcohol, or 2-propyn-1-ol, is an organic compound with the formula C 3 H 4 O. It is the simplest stable alcohol containing an alkyne functional group. [ 3 ] Propargyl alcohol is a colorless viscous liquid that is miscible with water and most polar organic solvents.
In commercial applications, the alkylating agents are generally alkenes, some of the largest scale reactions practiced in industry.Such alkylations are of major industrial importance, e.g. for the production of ethylbenzene, the precursor to polystyrene, from benzene and ethylene and for the production of cumene from benzene and propene in cumene process:
Meyer-Schuster Rearrangement. The reaction mechanism [5] begins with the protonation of the alcohol which leaves in an E1 reaction to form the allene from the alkyne.Attack of a water molecule on the carbocation and deprotonation is followed by tautomerization to give the α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound.
Hydroboration–oxidation reaction is a two-step hydration reaction that converts an alkene into an alcohol. [1] The process results in the syn addition of a hydrogen and a hydroxyl group where the double bond had been. Hydroboration–oxidation is an anti-Markovnikov reaction, with the hydroxyl group attaching to the less-substituted carbon.
A 3D model of ethyne (), the simplest alkyneIn organic chemistry, an alkyne is an unsaturated hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon—carbon triple bond. [1] The simplest acyclic alkynes with only one triple bond and no other functional groups form a homologous series with the general chemical formula C n H 2n−2.
The acidity of the terminal alkynyl proton allows the alkynylzinc compound to be generated in situ from the appropriate alkyne with an alkylzinc reagent or zinc triflate, Zn(OTf) 2. [1] The first example of catalytic asymmetric addition of alkynylzinc compounds to aldehydes was reported by KensÅ Soai and co-workers in 1990.