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Chiral separation techniques may be employed to help distinguish the source of the drug, whether prescription amphetamine, prescription amphetamine prodrugs, (e.g., selegiline), over-the-counter drug products that contain levomethamphetamine, [note 20] or illicitly obtained substituted amphetamines.
Adderall and Mydayis [11] are trade names [note 2] for a combination drug containing four salts of amphetamine.The mixture is composed of equal parts racemic amphetamine and dextroamphetamine, which produces a (3:1) ratio between dextroamphetamine and levoamphetamine, the two enantiomers of amphetamine. [13]
The first patented amphetamine brand, Benzedrine, was a racemic (i.e., equal parts) mixture of the free bases or the more stable sulfate salts of both amphetamine enantiomers (levoamphetamine and dextroamphetamine) that was introduced in the United States in 1934 as an inhaler for treating nasal congestion. [2]
At the study’s conclusion, the research team found that study participants receiving any prescription amphetamine had a 63% risk of developing psychosis or mania. That percentage increased to 81 ...
In this study, “high dosage” referred to 30 milligrams (mg) or more of amphetamines. The researchers also concluded that people taking any prescription amphetamine had a 63% higher risk of ...
Prescription stimulant use was defined as adults filling one or more stimulant prescriptions that contained amphetamines and methylphenidate, which is the active ingredient in Ritalin.
Amphetamine's classification as Schedule II means it has a "high potential for abuse and could lead to psychological or physical dependence." [75] [11] Despite this, the trend in the use of amphetamines (both prescription and illicit) has increased steadily over time. [76]
ATS when used illicitly has street names including ice, meth, crystal, crank, bennies, and speed. Within the group of amphetamine-type stimulants, there are also prescription drugs including mixed amphetamine salts, dextroamphetamine, and lisdexamfetamine. Amphetamine was first synthesized in 1887 by the Romanian chemist Lazar Edeleano.