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Common stimulants include caffeine, nicotine, amphetamines, cocaine, methylphenidate, and modafinil. Stimulants may be subject to varying forms of regulation, or outright prohibition, depending on jurisdiction. Stimulants increase activity in the sympathetic nervous system, either directly or indirectly.
Pseudoephedrine is widely available over-the-counter (OTC) in both single-drug and combination preparations. [30] [22] [13] [2] Availability of pseudoephedrine has been restricted starting in 2005 as it can be used to synthesize methamphetamine. [13] [2] Phenylephrine has replaced pseudoephedrine in many over-the-counter oral decongestant ...
Some brand names include: Benylin, Sudafed, Robitussin and Vicks among others. [35] Most contain a number of active ingredients. [ 4 ] The Thai company Hatakabb produces the Takabb Anti-Cough Pill , which is a Chinese herbal medication .
Doctors explain how to choose between cold medicines like Dayquil and Sudafed PE for congestion, runny nose, and other symptoms. This Popular Cold Medicine Doesn't Work—Here's What To Buy ...
Options include pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) or nasal sprays with oxymetazoline (Afrin) or phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine). For pain relief and to control fever, try acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen.
“Prescription NSAIDs generally have the same mechanism of action as OTC NSAIDs, but they are often stronger and may have different formulations or dosages,” says Walia.
Hydrocodone is a highly selective full agonist of the μ-opioid receptor (MOR). [28] [54] [49] This is the main biological target of the endogenous opioid neuropeptide β-endorphin. [55] Hydrocodone has low affinity for the δ-opioid receptor (DOR) and the κ-opioid receptor (KOR), where it is an agonist similarly. [49]
Over-the-counter (OTC) medicines at FamilyDoctor.org, maintained by the American Academy of Family Physicians. Contains extensive information on over-the-counter drugs and their responsible use, including specific guidance on several drug classes in question-and-answer format and information on common drug interactions.