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In the philosophy of mind, multiple realizability is the thesis that the same mental property, state, or event can be implemented by different physical properties, states, or events. Philosophers of mind have used multiple realizability to argue that mental states are not the same as — and cannot be reduced to — physical states.
The quantum-mechanical "Schrödinger's cat" paradox according to the many-worlds interpretation.In this interpretation, every quantum event is a branch point; the cat is both alive and dead, even before the box is opened, but the "alive" and "dead" cats are in different branches of the multiverse, both of which are equally real, but which do not interact with each other.
Model-dependent realism is a view of scientific inquiry that focuses on the role of scientific models of phenomena. [1] It claims reality should be interpreted based upon these models, and where several models overlap in describing a particular subject, multiple, equally valid, realities exist.
As all physical states (i.e. brain states) are quantum states, their associated mental states should be also. Nonetheless, it is not what one experiences within physical reality. [citation needed] Albert and Loewer argue that the mind must be intrinsically different than the physical reality as described by quantum theory. [6]
Metaphysical pluralism in philosophy is the multiplicity of metaphysical models of the structure and content of reality, both as it appears and as logic dictates that it might be, [3] as is exhibited by the four related models in Plato's Republic [4] and as developed in the contrast between phenomenalism and physicalism.
The position is based on Bhaskar's transcendental arguments for certain ontological and epistemological positions based on what reality must be like in order for scientific knowledge to be possible. The overview of transcendental realism that follows is largely based on Andrew Sayer 's Realism and Social Science .
The term goes back to Leibniz's theory of possible worlds, [2] used to analyse necessity, possibility, and similar modal notions.In short, the actual world is regarded as merely one among an infinite set of logically possible worlds, some "nearer" to the actual world and some more remote.
Philosophy of physics – Truths and principles of the study of matter, space, time and energy; Philosophy of space and time – Branch of philosophy relating to spatiality and temporality; Simulated reality – Concept of a false version of reality; Twin Earth thought experiment – Thought experiment proposed by Hilary Putnam