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A trench map shows trenches dug for use in war. This article refers mainly to those produced by the British during the Great War , 1914–1918 although other participants made or used them.. For much of the Great War, trench warfare was almost static, giving rise to the need for large scale maps for attack, defence and artillery use.
The guidelines for British trench construction stated that it would take 450 men 6 hours at night to complete 250 m (270 yd) of front-line trench system. Thereafter, the trench would require constant maintenance to prevent deterioration caused by weather or shelling. Trenchmen were a specialized unit of trench excavators and repairmen.
The War Department Light Railways were a system of narrow gauge trench railways run by the British War Department in World War I.Light railways made an important contribution to the Allied war effort in the First World War, and were used for the supply of ammunition and stores, the transport of troops and the evacuation of the wounded.
During the First World War Russia used both French 600 mm (1 ft 11 + 5 ⁄ 8 in) Decauville and 750 mm (2 ft 5 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) gauge systems. More than 2,000 km (1,243 mi) of narrow gauge trench railways were built during the war. Kolomna Locomotive Works built 0-6-0T locomotives (I, N, R, T series). 70 locomotives were purchased from ALCO.
Mortars were particularly effective in trench warfare since the vertical trajectory of their shells potentially allowed them to fall straight into enemy trenches. [ 2 ] World War I also saw the development of the first anti-aircraft artillery , as well as light mortars that could be carried by infantry troops.
The front trench system was the sentry line for the battle zone garrison, which was allowed to move away from concentrations of enemy fire and then counter-attack to recover the battle and outpost zones; such withdrawals were envisaged as occurring on small parts of the battlefield which had been made untenable by Allied artillery fire, as the ...
Eingreif division (German: Eingreifdivision) is a term for a type of German Army formation of the First World War, which developed in 1917, to conduct immediate counter-attacks (Gegenstöße) against enemy troops who broke into a defensive position being held by a front-holding division (Stellungsdivision) or to conduct a methodical counter-attack (Gegenangriff) 24–48 hours later.
English: This image uses terminology in the British Manual Of Field Works All Arms 1925, It represents a simplified version of a "normal" or "cross" section of a trench such as one might have seen in WWI on the Western front. [1]