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The United Kingdom (along with the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar) was a member state of the European Union (EU) and of its predecessor the European Communities (EC) – principally the European Economic Community (EEC) – from 1 January 1973 until 31 January 2020.
Relations between the European Union (EU) and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (UK) are governed, since 1 January 2021, by the EU–UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement (TCA). Relations trace back to the foundation of the European Communities, the European Union's predecessor, in 1957.
The United Kingdom left the European Union on 31 January 2020. As a result, these constituencies no longer exist. Great Britain was divided into single-member first-past-the-post constituencies from the 1979 election until the 1999 election, when it was divided into twelve multimember D'Hondt party list constituencies.
England, which had subsumed Wales in the 16th century under Henry VIII, united with Scotland in 1707 to form a new sovereign state called Great Britain. [8] [9] [10] Following the Industrial Revolution, which started in England, Great Britain ruled a colonial Empire, the largest in recorded history.
Edward Heath as Prime Minister who was staunchly pro-European led the UK into the European Communities in 1973.. When proposals for a European customs union were advanced after World War II, there was widespread political opposition in the UK: the Federation of British Industries and the government's economic ministries opposed British participation as the establishment of a common external ...
There has not been a government of England since 1707, when the Acts of Union 1707, [88] putting into effect the terms of the Treaty of Union, joined England and Scotland to form the Kingdom of Great Britain. [65] Before the union England was ruled by its monarch and the Parliament of England. Today England is governed directly by the ...
The Kingdom of Great Britain came into being on 1 May 1707, as a result of the political union of the Kingdom of England (which included Wales) and the Kingdom of Scotland under the Treaty of Union. This combined the two kingdoms into a single kingdom and merged the two parliaments into a single parliament of Great Britain.
Britain declares war on Nazi Germany and enters World War 2: 1945 8 May Germany surrenders and World War 2 ends in Europe 1948 5 July The National Health Service is founded 1973 1 January: UK joins the European Communities (predecessor of the European Union). 1982 11 October: The Mary Rose is raised from the seabed of the Solent, where she had ...