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Conversely the period of the repeating decimal of a fraction c / d will be (at most) the smallest number n such that 10 n − 1 is divisible by d. For example, the fraction 2 / 7 has d = 7, and the smallest k that makes 10 k − 1 divisible by 7 is k = 6, because 999999 = 7 × 142857. The period of the fraction 2 / 7 is ...
In some contexts it is desirable to round a given number x to a "neat" fraction – that is, the nearest fraction y = m/n whose numerator m and denominator n do not exceed a given maximum. This problem is fairly distinct from that of rounding a value to a fixed number of decimal or binary digits, or to a multiple of a given unit m .
The base-2 numeral system is a positional notation with a radix of 2.Each digit is referred to as a bit, or binary digit.Because of its straightforward implementation in digital electronic circuitry using logic gates, the binary system is used by almost all modern computers and computer-based devices, as a preferred system of use, over various other human techniques of communication, because ...
Srinivasa Ramanujan Aiyangar [a] (22 December 1887 – 26 April 1920) was an Indian mathematician.Often regarded as one of the greatest mathematicians of all time, though he had almost no formal training in pure mathematics, he made substantial contributions to mathematical analysis, number theory, infinite series, and continued fractions, including solutions to mathematical problems then ...
Multiply together the results of the two previous steps The product of all primes up to n {\displaystyle n} is an O ( n ) {\displaystyle O(n)} -bit number, by the prime number theorem , so the time for the first step is O ( n log 2 n ) {\displaystyle O(n\log ^{2}n)} , with one logarithm coming from the divide and conquer and another coming ...
It is equal to + / + /, which is accurate to two sexagesimal digits. The Chinese mathematician Liu Hui in 263 CE computed π to between 3.141 024 and 3.142 708 by inscribing a 96-gon and 192-gon; the average of these two values is 3.141 866 (accuracy 9·10 −5). He also suggested that 3.14 was a good enough approximation for practical purposes.
In probability theory and statistics, a normal distribution or Gaussian distribution is a type of continuous probability distribution for a real-valued random variable.The general form of its probability density function is [2] [3] = ().
The number π (/ p aɪ / ⓘ; spelled out as "pi") is a mathematical constant, approximately equal to 3.14159, that is the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter.It appears in many formulae across mathematics and physics, and some of these formulae are commonly used for defining π, to avoid relying on the definition of the length of a curve.