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Carbon dioxide hydrate or carbon dioxide clathrate is a snow-like crystalline substance composed of water ice and carbon dioxide. [1] It normally is a Type I gas clathrate . [ 2 ] There has also been some experimental evidence for the development of a metastable Type II phase at a temperature near the ice melting point.
Two commercially important halide minerals are halite and fluorite. The former is a major source of sodium chloride, in parallel with sodium chloride extracted from sea water or brine wells. Fluorite is a major source of hydrogen fluoride , complementing the supply obtained as a byproduct of the production of fertilizer.
A halite, also known as a halogenite, [1] is an oxyanion containing a halogen in a III oxidation state. It is the conjugate base of a halous acid . The known halites are chlorite , bromite , and iodite .
In these cases, halite is said to be behaving like a rheid. Unusual, purple, fibrous vein-filling halite is found in France and a few other localities. Halite crystals termed hopper crystals appear to be "skeletons" of the typical cubes, with the edges present and stairstep depressions on, or rather in, each crystal face. In a rapidly ...
Soda lime canister used in anaesthetic machines to act as a carbon dioxide scrubber. Soda lime, a mixture of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and calcium oxide (CaO), is used in granular form within recirculating breathing environments like general anesthesia and its breathing circuit, submarines, rebreathers, and hyperbaric chambers and underwater habitats.
Talc may be used in the processing of white rice as a buffing agent in the polishing stage. Due to its low shear strength, talc is one of the oldest known solid lubricants. Also, limited use is made of talc as a friction-reducing additive in lubricating oils. [20] Talc is widely used in the ceramics industry in both bodies and glazes.
The Mohs scale of mineral hardness, based on scratch hardness comparison, defines value 1 as the hardness of talc, the softest mineral. When scraped on a streak plate , talc produces a white streak, though this indicator is of little importance, because most silicate minerals produce a white streak.
The thick halite beds of the Prairie Evaporite Formation are essentially impermeable, and numerous solution caverns have been artificially created in them to store natural gas and liquified petroleum gas products. [8] Storage of nuclear waste, carbon dioxide, and other waste products has also been discussed. [1]