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R-410A is a refrigerant used in air conditioning and heat pump applications. It is a zeotropic but near-azeotropic mixture of difluoromethane (CH 2 F 2, called R-32) and pentafluoroethane (CHF 2 CF 3, called R-125). R-410A is sold under the trademarked names AZ-20, EcoFluor R410, Forane 410A, Genetron R410A, Puron, and Suva 410A.
As a result of CFCs contributing to ozone depletion in the upper atmosphere, the manufacture of such compounds has been phased out under the Montreal Protocol, and they are being replaced with other products such as hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs) [1] including R-410A, R-134a and R-1234yf. [2] [3] [4]
Being phased out: A widely used hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) and powerful greenhouse gas with a GWP equal to 1810. Worldwide production of R-22 in 2008 was about 800 Gg per year, up from about 450 Gg per year in 1998. R-438A (MO-99) is a R-22 replacement. [71] R-123 HCFC-123 CHCl 2 CF 3: 2,2-Dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane: 292 79 US phase-out
Researchers have focused on using new mixtures that have the same properties as past refrigerants to phase out harmful halogenated substances, in accordance to the Montreal Protocol and Kyoto Protocol. [3] For example, researchers found that zeotropic mixture R-404A can replace R-12, a CFC, in household refrigerators. [19]
Dichlorofluoromethane or Freon 21 or R 21 is a halomethane or hydrochlorofluorocarbon with the formula CHCl 2 F. It is a colorless and odorless gas. It is a colorless and odorless gas. It is produced by fluorination of chloroform using a catalyst such as antimony trifluoride : [ 4 ]
According to ASHRAE standard 34, the R-number of a chemical refrigerant is assigned systematically according to its molecular structure and has between two and four digits. If there are carbon -carbon multiple bonds , there are four digits in all: the number of these bonds is the first digit and the number of carbon atoms minus one (C-1) is next.
Dichlorodifluoromethane (R-12) is a colorless gas popularly known by the genericized brand name Freon (as Freon-12). It is a chlorofluorocarbon halomethane (CFC) used as a refrigerant and aerosol spray propellant .
'Freon' is the brand name for the refrigerants R-12, R-13B1, R-22, R-410A, R-502, and R-503 manufactured by The Chemours Company, and so is not used to label all refrigerants of this type. They emit a strong smell similar to acetone. [2] Freon has been found to cause damage to human health when inhaled in large amounts.
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