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Sodium bicarbonate (IUPAC name: sodium hydrogencarbonate [9]), commonly known as baking soda or bicarbonate of soda, is a chemical compound with the formula NaHCO 3. It is a salt composed of a sodium cation (Na +) and a bicarbonate anion (HCO 3 −). Sodium bicarbonate is a white solid that is crystalline but often appears as a
The powder contains sugar; an antacid, sodium bicarbonate (22.6% w/w); citric acid (to provide effervescence) (19.5% w/w); and a laxative, magnesium sulphate (17.4% w/w). The product is similar to Eno's salts although, lacking magnesium sulphate (Epsom Salts), these have no laxative effect.
The company was founded in 1847 to unify two companies created by John Dwight of Massachusetts and his brother-in-law, Austin Church of Connecticut.Their partnership had begun in 1846 with the two founders selling sodium bicarbonate (also known as baking soda) that they refined in Dwight's kitchen.
The white packets contained tartaric acid, and the blue packets contained a mixture of 75% w/w Rochelle salt (potassium sodium tartrate) and 25% baking soda (sodium bicarbonate). The powdery contents of both packets were stirred or dissolved separately in water and then mixed, giving off carbon dioxide with a characteristic fizzing sound. [ 3 ]
Alka-Seltzer is an effervescent antacid and pain reliever owned by Bayer since 1978. First marketed by the Dr. Miles Medicine Company of Elkhart, Indiana, United States, Alka-Seltzer contains three active ingredients: aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid or ASA), sodium bicarbonate, and anhydrous citric acid. [1]
Eno was first marketed by James Crossley Eno (1827–1915). [4] Legend has it that his idea for the product arose while he was working at the pharmacy of an infirmary in Newcastle, Britain, with Dennis Embleton; Embleton often prescribed an effervescent drink made by mixing sodium bicarbonate and citric acid in water, and Eno adopted this beverage. [5]
The carbon dioxide is generated by a reaction of a compound containing bicarbonate, such as sodium bicarbonate or magnesium bicarbonate, with an acid such as citric acid or tartaric acid. Both compounds are present in the tablet in powder form and start reacting as soon as they dissolve in water. [1] [2] [3] [4]
Natron is a naturally occurring mixture of sodium carbonate decahydrate (Na 2 CO 3 ·10H 2 O, a kind of soda ash) and around 17% sodium bicarbonate (also called baking soda, NaHCO 3) along with small quantities of sodium chloride and sodium sulfate. Natron is white to colourless when pure, varying to gray or yellow with impurities.