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Osmolytes are low-molecular-weight organic compounds that influence the properties of biological fluids. Osmolytes are a class of organic molecules that play a significant role in regulating osmotic pressure and maintaining cellular homeostasis in various organisms, particularly in response to environmental stressors. [1]
Making a saline water solution by dissolving table salt in water.The salt is the solute and the water the solvent. In chemistry, a solution is defined by IUPAC as "A liquid or solid phase containing more than one substance, when for convenience one (or more) substance, which is called the solvent, is treated differently from the other substances, which are called solutes.
The following formulas can be used to calculate the volumes of solute (V solute) and solvent (V solvent) to be used: [1] = = where V total is the desired total volume, and F is the desired dilution factor number (the number in the position of F if expressed as "1/F dilution factor" or "xF dilution"). However, some solutions and mixtures take up ...
The terms are related in that they both compare the solute concentrations of two solutions separated by a membrane. The terms are different because osmolarity takes into account the total concentration of penetrating solutes and non-penetrating solutes, whereas tonicity takes into account the total concentration of non-freely penetrating ...
A solvation shell or solvation sheath is the solvent interface of any chemical compound or biomolecule that constitutes the solute in a solution. When the solvent is water it is called a hydration shell or hydration sphere. The number of solvent molecules surrounding each unit of solute is called the hydration number of the solute.
The term "acid" is commonly used to refer to the entire aqueous solution, whereas stricter definitions refer only to the acidic solute. [2] acid anhydride Any chemical compound derived by the removal of water molecules from an acid. Contrast base anhydride. acid dissociation constant (K a) Also acid ionization constant or acidity constant.
This glossary of biology terms is a list of definitions of fundamental terms and concepts used in biology, the study of life and of living organisms.It is intended as introductory material for novices; for more specific and technical definitions from sub-disciplines and related fields, see Glossary of cell biology, Glossary of genetics, Glossary of evolutionary biology, Glossary of ecology ...
Osmoregulation is the active regulation of the osmotic pressure of an organism's body fluids, detected by osmoreceptors, to maintain the homeostasis of the organism's water content; that is, it maintains the fluid balance and the concentration of electrolytes (salts in solution which in this case is represented by body fluid) to keep the body fluids from becoming too diluted or concentrated.