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A desalter is a process unit in an oil refinery that removes salt from the crude oil. The salt is dissolved in the water in the crude oil, not in the crude oil itself. The desalting is usually the first process in crude oil refining. The salt content after the desalter is usually measured in PTB – pounds of salt per thousand barrels of crude ...
Desalter unit washes out salt, and other water soluble contaminants, from the crude oil before it enters the atmospheric distillation unit. [ 35 ] [ 36 ] [ 37 ] Pre-flash and/or pre-distillation which is found in most atmospheric crude oil units of more than 100,000 bpsd in capacity.
Crude oil exits from the desalter at a temperature of 250 °C–260 °C and is further heated by a tube-still heater to a temperature of 350 °C–360 °C. The hot crude oil is then passed into a distillation column that allows the separation of the crude oil into different fractions depending on the difference in volatility .
The sizing methods by K factor and retention time give proper separator sizes. According to Song et al (2010), [3] engineers sometimes need further information for the design conditions of downstream equipment, i.e., liquid loading for the mist extractor, water content for the crude dehydrator/desalter or oil content for the water treatment.
Desanders have no moving parts. The larger the internal diameter of the desander is, the greater the amount of drilling fluids it is able to process, and the larger the size of the solids removed.
Salts and small molecules can be removed from protein samples by gel filtration chromatography. When added to the column, small molecules have to travel through the extensive pores of the resin beads, while large macromolecules like proteins can't fit and therefore travel around them.
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The desalination plant in Yuma, Arizona, was constructed under authority of the state Colorado River Basin Salinity Control Act of 1974 to treat saline agricultural return flows from the Wellton-Mohawk Irrigation and Drainage District into the Colorado River.