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Fasting does not only refer to food and drink during Islam’s holy month
A 2016 clinicians guide state that e-cigarettes could harm the periodontium because of the effects of nicotine on gum tissues and the immune system. [169] A 2021 study reported that vaping resulted in nicotine stomatitis, hairy tongue, angular cheilitis, [170] and oral mucosal lesions. [171] E-cigarettes are not implicated in cancer. [170]
An exploded view of a typical e-cigarette design with transparent atomizer (labeled clearomizer in diagram) and changeable dual-coil head. An electronic cigarette consists of an atomizer, a power source such as a battery, [25] and a container for e-liquid such as a cartridge or tank.
The reasons cited in support of the reclassification of smoking as prohibited include Islamic law's general prohibition of all actions that result in harm. For example, the Qur'an says, "And spend of your substance in the cause of God, and make not your own hands contribute to your own destruction (Q2:195)." Additionally, jurists rely on the ...
Vaping typically gives a lower amount of nicotine per puff than smoking cigarettes. [182] E-liquids contain nicotine in a variety of different strengths. [ 183 ] From no nicotine [ 184 ] to 36 mg/ml. [ 185 ] On average a regular cigarette contains 6–28 mg of nicotine or the user will inhale about 1.1 to 1.8 mg of nicotine if just a portion is ...
Structure of protonated nicotine (left) and structure of the counterion benzoate (right). This combination is used in some vaping products to increase nicotine delivery to the lung. Pod mod electronic cigarettes use nicotine in the form of a protonated nicotine, rather than free-base nicotine found in earlier generations. [165]
Fasting is an ancient tradition, having been practiced by many cultures and religions over centuries. [9] [13] [14]Therapeutic intermittent fasts for the treatment of obesity have been investigated since at least 1915, with a renewed interest in the medical community in the 1960s after Bloom and his colleagues published an "enthusiastic report". [15]
Fasting is practiced in various religions. Examples include Lent in Christianity and Yom Kippur, Tisha B'av, Fast of Esther, Fast of Gedalia, the Seventeenth of Tammuz, and the Tenth of Tevet in Judaism. [1] Muslims fast during the month of Ramadan each year. The fast includes refraining from consuming any food or liquid from sunup until sundown.