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The Hull cell is a type of test cell used to semi-quantitatively check the condition of an electroplating bath. It measures useable current density range, optimization of additive concentration, recognition of impurity effects, and indication of macro throwing power capability. [ 14 ]
Excluding the continuous strip plating industry, copper is the second most commonly-plated metal after nickel. [6] Copper electroplating offers a number of advantages over other plating processes, including low metal cost, high-conductivity and high-ductility bright finish, and high plating efficiency.
Such zinc electroplating or zinc alloy electroplating maintains a dominant position among other electroplating process options, based upon electroplated tonnage per annum. According to the International Zinc Association, more than 5 million tons are used yearly for both hot-dip galvanization and electroplating. [ 1 ]
Electroless nickel plating, covered by a thin layer of gold, is used in the manufacture of printed circuit boards (PCBs), to avoid oxidation and improving the solderability of copper contacts and plated through holes and vias. The gold is typically applied by quick immersion in a solution containing gold salts.
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Chrome plating (less commonly chromium plating) is a technique of electroplating a thin layer of chromium onto a metal object. A chrome plated part is called chrome , or is said to have been chromed .
Galvanized surface with visible spangle. Galvanization (also spelled galvanisation) [1] is the process of applying a protective zinc coating to steel or iron, to prevent rusting.
Copper plating may refer to: Copper electroplating , a technique of electroplating a layer of copper onto a metal object Electroless copper plating , an auto-catalytic chemical technique used to deposit a layer of copper on a solid workpiece