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Three types of pictures (or frames) are used in video compression: I, P, and B frames. An I‑frame (intra-coded picture) is a complete image, like a JPG or BMP image file. A P‑frame (Predicted picture) holds only the changes in the image from a previous frame. For example, in a scene where a car moves across a stationary background, only the ...
Frame rate, most commonly expressed in frame/s, frames per second or FPS, is typically the frequency (rate) at which consecutive images are captured or displayed. This definition applies to film and video cameras , computer animation , and motion capture systems.
The following is a simplistic illustrated explanation of how motion compensation works. Two successive frames were captured from the movie Elephants Dream.As can be seen from the images, the bottom (motion compensated) difference between two frames contains significantly less detail than the prior images, and thus compresses much better than the rest.
a) The rate at which frames of video data are scanned on the screen. In an NTSC system, the frame rate is 29.97 frames per second. For PAL, the frame rate is 25 frames per second. b) The number of frames per second at which a video clip is displayed. c) The rate at which frames are output from a video decoding device or stored in memory. [1]
Reference frames are frames of a compressed video that are used to define future frames. As such, they are only used in inter-frame compression techniques. In older video encoding standards, such as MPEG-2, only one reference frame – the previous frame – was used for P-frames. Two reference frames (one past and one future) were used for B ...
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A fundamental property of B-frames is that they can be dropped without affecting the correct decoding of other frames. D frame (DC direct coded picture) – serves as a fast-access representation of a frame for loss robustness or fast-forward. D frames are only used in MPEG-1 video. An I frame indicates the beginning of a GOP.
The break reminds Chiefs right guard Trey Smith of college, when bands take the field and halftimes are generally longer. The shortness of NFL halftime was actually a transition for him, he said.