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The three sides of a right triangle are related by the Pythagorean theorem, which in modern algebraic notation can be written + =, where is the length of the hypotenuse (side opposite the right angle), and and are the lengths of the legs (remaining two sides).
In a right triangle, the hypotenuse is the side that is opposite the right angle, while the other two sides are called the catheti or legs. [7] The length of the hypotenuse can be calculated using the square root function implied by the Pythagorean theorem. It states that the sum of the two legs squared equals the hypotenuse squared.
In a right triangle, a cathetus (originally from the Greek word κάθετος, "perpendicular"; plural: catheti), commonly known as a leg, is either of the sides that are adjacent to the right angle. It is occasionally called a "side about the right angle". The side opposite the right angle is the hypotenuse. In the context of the hypotenuse ...
Two sides and an angle not included between them (SSA), if the side length adjacent to the angle is shorter than the other side length. A side and the two angles adjacent to it (ASA) A side, the angle opposite to it and an angle adjacent to it (AAS). For all cases in the plane, at least one of the side lengths must be specified.
It states that the area of the square whose side is the hypotenuse (the side opposite the right angle) is equal to the sum of the areas of the squares on the other two sides. The theorem can be written as an equation relating the lengths of the sides a, b and the hypotenuse c, sometimes called the Pythagorean equation: [1]
Given two sides and their included angle in a scalene triangle, he proposed finding the third side by dropping a perpendicular from the vertex of one of the unknown angles to the opposite base, reducing the problem to finding the legs of one right triangle from a known angle and hypotenuse using the law of sines and then finding the hypotenuse ...
For example, the sine of angle θ is defined as being the length of the opposite side divided by the length of the hypotenuse. The six trigonometric functions are defined for every real number , except, for some of them, for angles that differ from 0 by a multiple of the right angle (90°).
The eccentric anomaly E is one of the angles of a right triangle with one vertex at the center of the ellipse, its adjacent side lying on the major axis, having hypotenuse a (equal to the semi-major axis of the ellipse), and opposite side (perpendicular to the major axis and touching the point P′ on the auxiliary circle of radius a) that ...