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A molecular sieve is a material with pores (voids or holes), having uniform size comparable to that of individual molecules, linking the interior of the solid to its exterior. These materials embody the molecular sieve effect , the preferential sieving of molecules larger than the pores.
Zeolite-based oxygen concentrator systems are widely used to produce medical-grade oxygen. The zeolite is used as a molecular sieve to create purified oxygen from air using its ability to trap impurities, in a process involving the adsorption of nitrogen, leaving highly purified oxygen and up to 5% argon.
Modern Fritz Stephan GmbH multi-molecular sieve oxygen concentrator. These oxygen concentrators utilize a molecular sieve to adsorb gases and operate on the principle of rapid pressure swing adsorption of atmospheric nitrogen onto zeolite minerals at high pressure. This type of adsorption system is therefore functionally a nitrogen scrubber ...
DS-PSA can also be applied to increase the oxygen concentration. In this case, an aluminum silica based zeolite adsorbs nitrogen in the first stage reaching 95% oxygen in the outlet, and in the second stage a carbon-based molecular sieve adsorbs the residual nitrogen in a reverse cycle, concentrating oxygen up to 99%.
A nitrogen generator Bottle of 4Å molecular sieves. Pressure swing adsorption provides separation of oxygen or nitrogen from air without liquefaction. The process operates around ambient temperature; a zeolite (molecular sponge) is exposed to high pressure air, then the air is released and an adsorbed film of the desired gas is released.
A chlorate candle, or an oxygen candle, is a cylindrical chemical oxygen generator that contains a mix of sodium chlorate and iron powder, which when ignited smolders at about 600 °C (1,100 °F), producing sodium chloride, iron oxide, and oxygen at a fixed rate of about 6.5 man-hours per kilogram of the mixture. The mixture has an indefinite ...
Oxygen-enriched air is in high demanded for a range of medical and industrial applications including chemical and combustion processes. Cryogenic distillation is the mature technology for commercial air separation for the production of large quantities of high purity oxygen and nitrogen.
Size-exclusion chromatography, also known as molecular sieve chromatography, [1] is a chromatographic method in which molecules in solution are separated by their shape, and in some cases size. [2] It is usually applied to large molecules or macromolecular complexes such as proteins and industrial polymers . [ 3 ]