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A spectrum approach sometimes starts with the nuclear, classic DSM diagnostic criteria for a disorder (or may join several disorders), and then include an additional broad range of issues such as temperaments or traits, lifestyle, behavioral patterns, and personality characteristics. [1]
Which autism spectrum diagnoses can be made and which criteria are used depends on the local healthcare system's regulations. According to the DSM-5-TR (2022), in order to receive a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder, one must present with "persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction" and "restricted, repetitive ...
The Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) is a psychological questionnaire that evaluates risk for autism spectrum disorder in children ages 16–30 months. The 20-question test is filled out by the parent, and a follow-up portion is available for children who are classified as medium- to high-risk for autism spectrum disorder.
Research-determined cut-offs identify the potential diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder, allowing a standardized assessment of autistic symptoms. The Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R), a companion instrument, is a structured interview conducted with the parents of the referred individual to cover the subject's full developmental ...
Autism spectrum disorder [a] (ASD), or simply autism, is a neurodevelopmental disorder "characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts" and "restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities". [11] Sensory abnormalities are also included in the diagnostic manuals ...
The conduct disorder exclusion is deleted. The criteria were also changed with a note on frequency requirements and a measure of severity. [11] Criteria for conduct disorder are unchanged for the most part from DSM-IV. [11] A specifier was added for people with limited "prosocial emotion", showing callous and unemotional traits. [11]
In order to create the algorithm for diagnosis, the writers chose questions from the interview that were most closely related to the criteria for diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder in the DSM-IV and the ICD-10. [3] An autism diagnosis is indicated when scores in all three behavioral areas meet or exceed the specified minimum cutoff scores. [5]
Evaluation criteria [ edit ] The CARS is a diagnostic assessment method that rates individuals on a scale ranging from normal to severe, and yields a composite score ranging from non-autistic to mildly autistic, moderately autistic, or severely autistic.