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The four pigments in a bird's cone cells (in this example, estrildid finches) extend the range of color vision into the ultraviolet. [1]Tetrachromacy (from Greek tetra, meaning "four" and chroma, meaning "color") is the condition of possessing four independent channels for conveying color information, or possessing four types of cone cell in the eye.
The perception of "white" is formed by the entire spectrum of visible light, or by mixing colors of just a few wavelengths in animals with few types of color receptors. In humans, white light can be perceived by combining wavelengths such as red, green, and blue, or just a pair of complementary colors such as blue and yellow. [4]
One possible reason people see colors may be that the color receptors in the human eye respond at different rates to red, green, and blue. [citation needed] Or, more specifically, that the latencies of the center and the surrounding mechanisms differ for the different types of color-specific ganglion cells. [citation needed]
However, the human eye contains only three color receptors (three types of cone cells), which means that all colors are reduced to three sensory quantities, called the tristimulus values. Metamerism occurs because each type of cone responds to the cumulative energy from a broad range of wavelengths, so that different combinations of light ...
The image modification process is sometimes called color transfer or, when grayscale images are involved, brightness transfer function (BTF); it may also be called photometric camera calibration or radiometric camera calibration. The term image color transfer is a bit of a misnomer since most common algorithms transfer both color and shading ...
The Hunt and RLAB color appearance models use the Hunt–Pointer–Estevez transformation matrix (M HPE) for conversion from CIE XYZ to LMS. [4] [5] [6] This is the transformation matrix which was originally used in conjunction with the von Kries transform method, and is therefore also called von Kries transformation matrix (M vonKries).
Chromatic adaptation is the human visual system’s ability to adjust to changes in illumination in order to preserve the appearance of object colors. It is responsible for the stable appearance of object colors despite the wide variation of light which might be reflected from an object and observed by our eyes.
Hue cancellation experiments start with a color (e.g. yellow) and attempt to determine how much of the opponent color (e.g. blue) of one of the starting color's components must be added to reach the neutral point. [12] [13] In 1959, Gunnar Svaetichin and MacNichol [14] recorded from the retinae of fish and reported of three distinct types of cells: