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India's arable land area of 1,597,000 km 2 (394.6 million acres) is the second largest in the world, after the United States. Its gross irrigated crop area of 826,000 km 2 (215.6 million acres) is the largest in the world, followed by US and China. [ 71 ]
The environment of India comprises some of the world's most biodiverse ecozones. The Deccan Traps , Gangetic Plains and the Himalayas are the major geographical features. The country faces different forms of pollution as its major environmental issue and is more vulnerable to the effects of climate change [ 1 ] being a developing nation .
India was home to the ancient Indus Valley civilisation, and is the birthplace of four world religions: Hinduism, Sikhism, Buddhism, Jainism. India endured colonisation, eventually being administered by the United Kingdom from the mid-19th century to the mid-20th century.
India is one of the most biodiverse regions and is home to a large variety of wildlife. It is one of the 17 megadiverse countries and includes three of the world's 36 biodiversity hotspots – the Western Ghats, the Eastern Himalayas, and the Indo-Burma hotspot. [1] [2] About 24.6% of the total land area is covered by forests.
This natural physical landmass in South Asia is the dry-land portion of the Indian Plate, which has been relatively isolated from the rest of Eurasia. [49] The Himalayas (from Brahmaputra River in the east to Indus River in the west), Karakoram (from Indus River in the east to Yarkand River in the west) and the Hindu Kush mountains (from ...
The Deccan is a plateau extending over an area of 422,000 km 2 (163,000 sq mi) and occupies the majority of the Indian peninsula.Shaped like an inverted triangle, it stretches from the Satpura and Vindhya Ranges in the north to the northern fringes of Tamil Nadu in the south.
Natural features (consisting of physical and biological formations), geological and physiographical formations (including habitats of threatened species of animals and plants), and natural sites which are important from the point of view of science, conservation or natural beauty, are defined as natural heritage. [2]
During the Triassic period of 251–199.6 Ma, the Indian subcontinent was the part of a vast supercontinent known as Pangaea.Despite its position within a high-latitude belt at 55–75° S—latitudes now occupied by parts of the Antarctic Peninsula, as opposed to India's current position between 8 and 37° N—India likely experienced a humid temperate climate with warm and frost-free weather ...