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The HTML specification does not specify which video and audio formats browsers should support. User agents are free to support any video formats they feel are appropriate, but content authors cannot assume that any video will be accessible by all complying user agents, since user agents have no minimal set of video and audio formats to support.
YouTube originally offered videos at only one quality level, displayed at a resolution of 320×240 pixels using the Sorenson Spark codec (a variant of H.263), [29] [30] with mono MP3 audio. [31] In June 2007, YouTube added an option to watch videos in 3GP format on mobile phones. [ 32 ]
The adoption of HTML audio, as with HTML video, has become polarized between proponents of free and patent-encumbered formats. In 2007, the recommendation to use Vorbis was retracted from the HTML5 specification by the W3C together with that to use Ogg Theora, citing the lack of a format accepted by all the major browser vendors.
VP9 is an open and royalty-free [1] video coding format developed by Google. VP9 is the successor to VP8 and competes mainly with MPEG's High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC/H.265). At first, VP9 was mainly used on Google's video platform YouTube .
WebM is an audiovisual media file format. [5] It is primarily intended to offer a royalty-free alternative to use in the HTML video and the HTML audio elements. It has a sister project, WebP, for images. The development of the format is sponsored by Google, and the corresponding software is distributed under a BSD license.
The HTML5 draft specification adds video and audio elements for embedding video and audio in HTML documents.The specification had formerly recommended support for playback of Theora video and Vorbis audio encapsulated in Ogg containers to provide for easier distribution of audio and video over the internet by using open standards, but the recommendation was soon after dropped.
A video file normally consists of a container (e.g. in the Matroska format) containing visual (video without audio) data in a video coding format (e.g. VP9) alongside audio data in an audio coding format (e.g. Opus). The container can also contain synchronization information, subtitles, and metadata such as title.
All services support the following input file formats: Moving Picture Experts Group (.MPG/MPEG-1) QuickTime File Format (.MOV) Windows Media Video (.WMV) Audio Video Interleave (.AVI) H.264 MPEG-4/AVC (.MP4) Unless otherwise indicated, they also support the following input file formats: Matroska Multimedia Container (.MKV) Theora (.OGV)