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2. Silicate mineral paint - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicate_mineral_paint

   Silicate paints require siliceous substrate for setting. For this reason they are highly suitable for mineral substrates such as mineral plasters and concrete, thus they are of only limited use for application on wood and metal. The permeability to water vapor of silicate paints is equivalent to that of the substrate, so silicate paints do not ...

3. Alkali–silica reaction - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali–silica_reaction

   A prompt reaction initiated at the early stage of concrete hardening on very fine silica particles will help to suppress a slow and delayed reaction with larger siliceous aggregates on the long term. Following the same principle, the fabrication of low-pH cement also implies the addition of finely divided pozzolanic materials rich in silicic ...

4. Template:Components of Cement, Comparison of Chemical and ...

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Components_of...

   This template has been created for transclusion in the articles Concrete, Cement, and Silica fume. It replaces the file at right. That file had been tagged for translation to SVG format, as if it were a graphic. But since it is really a table, I have re-rendered it in wiki markup.

5. Calcium silicate hydrate - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_silicate_hydrate

   When water is added to cement, each of the compounds undergoes hydration and contributes to the final state of the concrete. [2] Only calcium silicates contribute to the strength. Tricalcium silicate is responsible for most of the early strength (first 7 days). [3] Dicalcium silicate, which reacts more slowly, only contributes to late strength.

6. Carbonatation - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonatation

   Carbonatation is a slow process that occurs in concrete where lime (CaO, or Ca(OH) 2 ) in the cement reacts with carbon dioxide (CO 2) from the air and forms calcium carbonate. The water in the pores of Portland cement concrete is normally alkaline with a pH in the range of 12.5 to 13.5.

7. Concrete degradation - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_degradation

   When atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2), or carbonate ions (HCO − 3, CO 2− 3 dissolved in water) diffuse into concrete from its external surface, they react with calcium hydroxide (portlandite, Ca(OH) 2) and the pH of the concrete pore water progressively decreases from 13.5 – 12.5 to 8.5 (pH of water in equilibrium with calcite).