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A second base umpire at a baseball game. In baseball and softball, there is commonly a head umpire (also known as a plate umpire) who is in charge of calling balls and strikes from behind the plate, who is assisted by one, two, three, or five field umpires who make calls on their specific bases (or with five umpires the bases and the outfield).
A referee (right) issues a yellow card to a player during a game of association football. Originally team captains would consult each other in order to resolve any dispute on the pitch. Eventually this role was delegated to an umpire. Each team would bring their own partisan umpire allowing the team captains to concentrate on the game.
Games employing shuttlecocks have been played for centuries across Eurasia, [a] but the modern game of badminton developed in the mid-19th century among the expatriate officers of British India as a variant of the earlier game of battledore and shuttlecock. ("Battledore" was an older term for "racquet".) [4] Its exact origin remains obscure.
The Badminton World Federation, aka BWF, is the international governing body for the sport of badminton approved by the International Olympic Committee. It was founded on 5 July 1934 as the International Badminton Federation with nine member nations: Canada , Denmark , England , France , Ireland , Netherlands , New Zealand , Scotland and Wales .
A tournament director (TD) is an official at a competitive sporting or gaming event, who typically perform a number of key functions.The extent of the tournament director's duties varies depending on the size of the tournament, the nature of the competition, and the number of other officials to whom roles can be delegated.
In recent years the law regarding throwing - the unlawful delivery of the cricket ball by a bowler because of straightening of the arm at the elbow - has been interpreted as the domain of the match referee and a system of reports to the ICC, rather than a matter for the umpires to decide as a no-ball at each incidence on the field. This de ...
In badminton, the objective of the game is to hit the shuttlecock over the net and into your opponents boundary. If both of you are able to hit the shuttlecock or birdie back and forth a rally has ensued. A rally is won if one player hits the shuttlecock out of bounds or into the net. Games go to 21 points. The winner of three games wins the set.
Each individual instance is called no-ball (or wide in the professional game) without contextual judgement of fairness, but if the umpire decides too many have been bowled, will intervene with the sequence of warning, suspension and reporting. Professional cricket has several different codes on this, stating how many instances constitutes unfair.