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Menthol is an organic compound, specifically a monoterpenoid, that occurs naturally in the oils of several plants in the mint family, such as corn mint and peppermint. It is a white or clear waxy crystalline substance that is solid at room temperature and melts slightly above.
An alternative, unrelated biosynthesis pathway of IPP is known in some bacterial groups and the plastids of plants, the so-called MEP-(2-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate) pathway, which is initiated from C 5 sugars. In both pathways, IPP is isomerized to DMAPP by the enzyme isopentenyl pyrophosphate isomerase.
Isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP, isopentenyl diphosphate, or IDP) [1] is an isoprenoid precursor. IPP is an intermediate in the classical, HMG-CoA reductase pathway (commonly called the mevalonate pathway) and in the non-mevalonate MEP pathway of isoprenoid precursor biosynthesis. Isoprenoid precursors such as IPP, and its isomer DMAPP, are used ...
Terpenoid. The terpenoids, also known as isoprenoids, are a class of naturally occurring organic chemicals derived from the 5-carbon compound isoprene and its derivatives called terpenes, diterpenes, etc. While sometimes used interchangeably with "terpenes", terpenoids contain additional functional groups, usually containing oxygen. [1]
Terpenes are major biosynthetic building blocks. Comprising more than 30,000 compounds, these unsaturated hydrocarbons are produced predominantly by plants, particularly conifers. [1][2][3] In plants, terpenes and terpenoids are important mediators of ecological interactions, while some insects use some terpenes as a form of defense.
The biosynthesis of glutamate and glutamine is a key step in the nitrogen assimilation discussed above. The enzymes GOGAT and GDH catalyze the nitrogen assimilation reactions. In bacteria, the enzyme glutamate 5-kinase initiates the biosynthesis of proline by transferring a phosphate group from ATP onto glutamate.
A (−)-menthol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.207) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. i.e., catalyses the breakdown of menthol. Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are (−)-menthol and NADP +, whereas its 3 products are (−)-menthone, NADPH, and H +. This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting ...
In enzymology, a (+)-neomenthol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.208) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are (+)-neomenthol and NADP +, whereas its 3 products are (−)-menthone, NADPH, and H +. This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of ...