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  2. Federal Rules of Civil Procedure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Rules_of_Civil...

    The Commissioner must then be notified by the court via electronic service, eliminating the need for rule 4 service of process. The Commissioner need not admit or deny statements under rule 8(b), but must file an answer, and may file any other defense under rule 8(c) or motion to dismiss under rule 12(b) within 60 days of notice by the court.

  3. Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_Atlantic_Corp._v._Twombly

    The decision changed the existing interpretation of the notice pleading requirements of Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 8(a)(2) and the standards for dismissal under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(b)(6) by creating a new, stricter standard of a pleading's required specificity. Previously, under the standard the court set forth in Conley v.

  4. Ashcroft v. Iqbal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashcroft_v._Iqbal

    Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(a)(2), 12(b)(6) Iqbal , 556 U.S. 662 (2009), was a United States Supreme Court case which held that plaintiffs must present a "plausible" cause of action. Alongside Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly (and together known as Twiqbal ), Iqbal raised the threshold which plaintiffs needed to meet.

  5. Impleader - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impleader

    The third-party defendant must then assert any defense under Rule 12 and any counterclaim under Rule 13(a), and may assert any counterclaim under Rule 13(b) or any cross-claim under Rule 13(g). Rule 14(a)(4): Any party may move to strike the third-party claim, to sever it, or to try it separately.

  6. Civil procedure in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_Procedure_in_the...

    Early federal and state civil procedure in the United States was rather ad hoc and was based on traditional common law procedure but with much local variety. There were varying rules that governed different types of civil cases such as "actions" at law or "suits" in equity or in admiralty; these differences grew from the history of "law" and "equity" as separate court systems in English law.

  7. Federal Register - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Register

    The Federal Register system of publication was created on July 26, 1935, under the Federal Register Act. [4] [14] The first issue of the Federal Register was published on March 16, 1936. [15] In 1946 the Administrative Procedure Act required agencies to publish more information related to their rulemaking documents in the Federal Register. [16]

  8. Subject-matter jurisdiction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subject-matter_jurisdiction

    Subject-matter jurisdiction, also called jurisdiction ratione materiae, [1] is a legal doctrine regarding the ability of a court to lawfully hear and adjudicate a case. . Subject-matter relates to the nature of a case; whether it is criminal, civil, whether it is a state issue or a federal issue, and other substantive features of th

  9. Federal Rules of Evidence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Rules_of_Evidence

    On December 1, 2011, the restyled Federal Rules of Evidence became effective. [13] Since the early 2000s, an effort had been underway to restyle the Federal Rules of Evidence as well as other federal court rules (e.g. the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure). According to a statement by the advisory committee that had drafted the restyled rules ...