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The ventral aorta delivers blood to the gills where it is oxygenated and flows, through the dorsal aorta, into the rest of the body. (In tetrapods, the ventral aorta is divided in two; one half forms the ascending aorta, while the other forms the pulmonary artery). [41] The circulatory systems of all vertebrates are closed.
Here the shark pumps blood to its gills via the ventral aorta artery where it branches into afferent brachial arteries. Reoxygenation takes place in the gills and the reoxygenated blood flows into the efferent brachial arteries, which come together to form the dorsal aorta. The blood flows from the dorsal aorta throughout the body.
The ventral aorta carries de-oxygenated blood from the heart to the gills; part of this vessel forms the ascending aorta in tetrapods (the remainder forms the pulmonary artery). A second, dorsal aorta carries oxygenated blood from the gills to the rest of the body and is homologous with the descending aorta of tetrapods. The two aortas are ...
Pharyngeal arch. The pharyngeal arches, also known as visceral arches, are structures seen in the embryonic development of vertebrates that are recognisable precursors for many structures. In fish, the arches are known as the branchial arches, or gill arches. In the human embryo, the arches are first seen during the fourth week of development.
The dorsal aortae are paired (left and right) embryological vessels which progress to form the descending aorta. [1] The paired dorsal aortae arise from aortic arches that in turn arise from the aortic sac. The primary dorsal aorta is located deep to the lateral plate of mesoderm and move from lateral to medial position with development and ...
Obligate ram ventilation is also true of some pelagic bony fish species. [41] [42] The respiratory and circulatory process begins when deoxygenated venous blood travels to the shark's two-chambered heart. Here, the shark pumps blood to its gills via the ventral aorta where it branches into afferent branchial arteries.
The hypochord is a transient structure ventral to the notochord, and is primarily responsible for correct development of the dorsal aorta. [13] Notochord flexion, when the notochord bends to form a part of the developing caudal fin, is a hallmark of an early growth stage of some fish. [14] [15] [better source needed]
Psarolepis. Achoania. Actinopterygii (ray-finned fish) Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fish, including tetrapods) Osteichthyes (/ ˌɒstiːˈɪkθi.iːz /), also known as osteichthyans or commonly referred to as the bony fish, is a diverse superclass of vertebrate animals that have endoskeletons primarily composed of bone tissue.