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The za (座, 'seat' or 'pitch') were one of the primary types of trade guilds in feudal Japan. The za grew out of protective cooperation between merchants and religious authorities. They became more prominent during the Muromachi period where they would ally themselves with noble patrons, before they became more independent later in the period ...
The Ashikaga Shogunate established a loose class system when it ruled Japan as a feudal shogunate during the Muromachi period from 1338 to 1573. The final collapse of the Ashikaga worsened the effects of the Sengoku period (or "Age of Warring States"), the state of social upheaval and near-constant civil war in Japan since 1467.
The koku is a Japanese unit of measurement equal to about 180 litres, or 5 bushels. [7] The power of feudal lords was often directly quantified by their output in koku rather than acreage of land ownership or military might. [8] In fact, the amount of military service required from a vassal depended on the koku of their specific fief.
The Edo period (江戸時代, Edo jidai), also known as the Tokugawa period (徳川時代, Tokugawa jidai), is the period between 1600 or 1603 and 1868 [1] in the history of Japan, when the country was under the rule of the Tokugawa shogunate and some 300 regional daimyo, or feudal lords.
Nanban trade (南蛮貿易, Nanban bōeki, "Southern barbarian trade") or the Nanban trade period (南蛮貿易時代, Nanban bōeki jidai, "Southern barbarian trade period") was a period in the history of Japan from the arrival of Europeans in 1543 to the first Sakoku Seclusion Edicts of isolationism in 1614.
1612: Japan's feudal government decrees that Christian proselytizing on Bakufu lands is forbidden. 1616: All trade with foreigners except that with China is confined to Hirado and Nagasaki. 1634: The construction of Dejima begins. 1636: Dejima is completed; the Portuguese are interned on Dejima (Fourth National Isolation Edict).
The Tokugawa shoguns governed Japan in a feudal system, with each daimyō administering a han (feudal domain), although the country was still nominally organized as imperial provinces. Under the Tokugawa shogunate, Japan experienced rapid economic growth and urbanization, which led to the rise of the merchant class and Ukiyo culture.
Daimyōs (feudal lords) received most of their income in the form of rice. Merchants in Osaka and Edo thus began to organize storehouses where they would store a daimyō ' s rice in exchange for a fee, trading it for either coin or a form of receipt; essentially a precursor to paper money.