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Choline bitartrate is a choline salt of tartaric acid. Choline bitartrate contains quaternary ammonium cations ((2-hydroxyethyl)trimethylammonium [(CH 3) 3 NCH 2 CH 2 OH] +) and bitartrate anions (HOOC−CH(OH)−CH(OH)−COO −). Quaternary ammonium cation is a cation in which all four hydrogen atoms of ammonium are replaced with organyl ...
In general, the word "choline" describes the various quaternary ammonium salts containing the N,N,N-trimethylethanolammonium cation. Found in most animal tissues, choline is a primary component of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and functions with inositol as a basic constituent of lecithin. Choline also prevents fat deposits in the liver ...
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The name Belladonna, meaning beautiful ladies, was derived from women using berry juice from the plant cosmetically to dilate their pupils. [ 4 ] The mydriatic effect was studied by the German chemist Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge (1795-1867), in which the active ingredient, atropine , was first discovered by Vaquelin in 1809 and was first isolated ...
Bitartrate is an anion which is the conjugate base of tartaric acid. It may also refer to any salt or monoester of tartaric acid. Some examples of bitartrate salts include: Choline bitartrate; Cysteamine bitartrate; Dihydrocodeine bitartrate; Dimethylaminoethanol bitartrate; Hydrocodone bitartrate; Metaraminol bitartrate; Norepinephrine ...
Anticholinergic drugs are used to treat a variety of conditions: Dizziness (including vertigo and motion sickness-related symptoms) Extrapyramidal symptoms, a potential side-effect of antipsychotic medications; Gastrointestinal disorders (e.g., peptic ulcers, diarrhea, pyloro spasm, diverticulitis, ulcerative colitis, nausea, and vomiting)
Choline is a cation with the chemical formula [(CH 3) 3 NCH 2 CH 2 OH] +. [1] [2] [3] Choline forms various salts, such as choline chloride and choline bitartrate.An essential nutrient for animals, it is a structural component of phospholipids and cell membranes.
Choline chloride is mass-produced with world production estimated at 160 000 tons in 1999. [3] Industrially, it is produced by the reaction of ethylene oxide, hydrogen chloride, and trimethylamine, [4] or from the pre-formed salt: [5] Choline chloride can also be made by treating trimethylamine with 2-chloroethanol. [6]