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In addition to volumetric color by use of multiple print heads and colored binder, the 3D printing process is generally faster than other additive manufacturing technologies such as fused deposition modeling material jetting which require 100% of build and support material to be deposited at the desired resolution. In 3D printing, the bulk of ...
3D printing, or additive manufacturing, is the construction of a three-dimensional object from a CAD model or a digital 3D model. [1] [2] [3] It can be done in a variety of processes in which material is deposited, joined or solidified under computer control, [4] with the material being added together (such as plastics, liquids or powder grains being fused), typically layer by layer.
Research on the health and safety hazards of 3D printing is new and in development due to the recent proliferation of 3D printing devices. In 2017, the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work has published a discussion paper on the processes and materials involved in 3D printing, potential implications of this technology for occupational safety and health and avenues for controlling ...
The process starts by slicing the 3D CAD file data into layers, usually from 20 to 100 micrometers thick, creating a 2D cross-section of each layer; this file format is the industry standard .stl file used on most layer-based 3D printing or stereolithography technologies. This file is then loaded into a file preparation software package that ...
This powder bed method produces fully dense metal parts directly from metal powder with characteristics of the target material. The EBM machine reads data from a 3D CAD model and lays down successive layers of powdered material. These layers are melted together utilizing a computer-controlled electron beam. In this way it builds up the parts.
An analysis of 3D printing construction in remote areas [120] as an alternative to conventional construction reveals significant potential. 3D printing in construction offers innovative solutions to the unique challenges of these locations. The ability to use local materials, reduce waste, and adapt to complex and customized designs are just a ...
They are welded together to form trusses laid between layers to form a very effective co-installed reinforcement strategy without the use of formworks. [8] [9] They are erected to reinforce cages around which concrete is printed to form wall and beam elements, making rebars an effective pre-installment strategy. [10] A bunch of rebars
Pre-treatment can be used to modify surfaces in a targeted way and thus make them more adhesive. [3] In addition to coating the substrates with an adhesion promoter to enable good adhesion, surfaces can also be modified by various methods to prepare them for gluing. The most common surface pre-treatment methods are listed in the adjacent figure.