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Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a sudden inflammation of the pancreas.Causes include a gallstone impacted in the common bile duct or the pancreatic duct, heavy alcohol use, systemic disease, trauma, elevated calcium levels, hypertriglyceridemia (with triglycerides usually being very elevated, over 1000 mg/dL), certain medications, hereditary causes and, in children, mumps.
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[3] [4] Diagnosis of acute pancreatitis is based on a threefold increase in the blood of either amylase or lipase. [1] In chronic pancreatitis, these tests may be normal. [1] Medical imaging such as ultrasound and CT scan may also be useful. [1] Acute pancreatitis is usually treated with intravenous fluids, pain medication, and sometimes ...
The Ranson criteria form a clinical prediction rule for predicting the prognosis and mortality risk of acute pancreatitis. They were introduced in 1974 by the English - American pancreatic expert and surgeon Dr. John Ranson (1938–1995).
A nursing intervention is defined as a single nursing action – treatment, procedure or activity – designed to achieve an outcome to a diagnosis, nursing or medical, for which the nurse is accountable. [12] Patient services are usually initiated as medical orders by a referring physician and reviewed by the admitting nurse.
A nursing diagnosis may be part of the nursing process and is a clinical judgment about individual, family, or community experiences/responses to actual or potential health problems/life processes. Nursing diagnoses foster the nurse's independent practice (e.g., patient comfort or relief) compared to dependent interventions driven by physician ...
Chronic pancreatitis is a long-standing inflammation of the pancreas that alters the organ's normal structure and functions. [1] It can present as episodes of acute inflammation in a previously injured pancreas , or as chronic damage with persistent pain or malabsorption .
This sign takes 24–48 hours to appear and can predict acute pancreatitis, with mortality rising from 8–10% to 40%. It may be accompanied by Grey Turner's sign [ 3 ] (bruising of the flank), which may then be indicative of pancreatic necrosis with retroperitoneal or intra-abdominal bleeding.