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Crime analysis is a law enforcement function that involves systematic analysis for identifying and analyzing patterns and trends in crime and disorder. Information on patterns can help law enforcement agencies deploy resources in a more effective manner, and assist detectives in identifying and apprehending suspects .
In criminology, differential association is a theory developed by Edwin Sutherland proposing that through interaction with others, individuals learn the values, attitudes, techniques, and motives for criminal behavior. The differential association theory is the most talked about of the learning theories of deviance.
Crime pattern theory is a way of explaining why people commit crimes in certain areas.. Crime is not random, it is either planned or opportunistic. [citation needed]According to the theory crime happens when the activity space of a victim or target intersects with the activity space of an offender.
Comparative criminology, which is the study of the social phenomenon of crime across cultures, to identify differences and similarities in crime patterns. [95] Crime prevention; Crime statistics; Criminal behavior; Criminal careers and desistance; Domestic violence; Deviant behavior; Evaluation of criminal justice agencies; Fear of crime
[20] [21] Due to the wide range of concepts associated with crime and the disagreement on a precise definition, the focus of criminology can vary considerably. [16] Various theories within criminology provide different descriptions and explanations for crime, including social control theory , subcultural theory , strain theory , differential ...
The correlates of crime explore the associations of specific non-criminal factors with specific crimes.. The field of criminology studies the dynamics of crime. Most of these studies use correlational data; that is, they attempt to identify various factors are associated with specific categories of criminal behavior.
Crime mapping is used by analysts in law enforcement agencies to map, visualize, and analyze crime incident patterns. It is a key component of crime analysis and the CompStat policing strategy. Mapping crime, using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), allows crime analysts to identify crime hot spots, along with other trends and patterns.
Computational criminology is an interdisciplinary field which uses computing science methods to formally define criminology concepts, improve our understanding of complex phenomena, and generate solutions for related problems.