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The blood sugar level, blood sugar concentration, blood glucose level, or glycemia is the measure of glucose concentrated in the blood. The body tightly regulates blood glucose levels as a part of metabolic homeostasis.
Hyperglycemia or Hyperglycaemia is a condition in which an excessive amount of glucose circulates in the blood plasma. This is generally a blood sugar level higher than 11.1 mmol/L (200 mg/dL ), but symptoms may not start to become noticeable until even higher values such as 13.9–16.7 mmol/L (~250–300 mg/dL ). A subject with a consistent fasting blood glucose range between ~5.6 and ~7 mmol ...
Blood sugar regulation is the process by which the levels of blood sugar, the common name for glucose dissolved in blood plasma, are maintained by the body within a narrow range. This tight regulation is referred to as glucose homeostasis. Insulin, which lowers blood sugar, and glucagon, which raises it, are the most well known of the hormones ...
Diabetes mellitus, often known simply as diabetes, is a group of common endocrine diseases characterized by sustained high blood sugar levels. [10] [11] Diabetes is due to either the pancreas not producing enough insulin, or the cells of the body becoming unresponsive to the hormone's effects. [12] Classic symptoms include thirst, polyuria, weight loss, and blurred vision. If left untreated ...
Hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia is a fall in blood sugar to levels below normal. [8] This may result in a variety of symptoms including clumsiness, trouble talking, confusion, loss of consciousness, seizures or death. [8] A feeling of hunger, sweating, shakiness and weakness may also be present. [8] Symptoms typically come on quickly.
A diabetic diet is a diet that is used by people with diabetes mellitus or high blood sugar to minimize symptoms and dangerous complications of long-term elevations in blood sugar ( i.e.: cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, obesity ).
The glycemic (glycaemic) index ( GI; / ɡlaɪˈsiːmɪk / [1]) is a number from 0 to 100 assigned to a food, with pure glucose arbitrarily given the value of 100, which represents the relative rise in the blood glucose level two hours after consuming that food. [2] The GI of a specific food depends primarily on the quantity and type of ...
Biomarkers of diabetes. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a type of metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia. It is caused by either defected insulin secretion or damaged biological function, or both. The high-level blood glucose for a long time will lead to dysfunction of a variety of tissues. [1]