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Human activities can also impose forcings, for example, through changing the composition of Earth's atmosphere. Radiative forcing is a measure of how various factors alter the energy balance of planet Earth. [12] A positive radiative forcing will lead towards a warming of the surface and, over time, the climate system.
Deforestation is a major contributor to climate change. [ 149 ] [ 150 ] [ 151 ] It is often cited as one of the major causes of the enhanced greenhouse effect . Recent calculations suggest that CO 2 emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (excluding peatland emissions) contribute about 12% of total anthropogenic CO 2 emissions, with ...
v. t. e. World-systems theory (also known as world-systems analysis or the world-systems perspective) [ 3] is a multidisciplinary approach to world history and social change which emphasizes the world-system (and not nation states) as the primary (but not exclusive) unit of social analysis. [ 3] World-systems theorists argue that their theory ...
Human activities — for instance, the way we heat our homes, power our air conditioners, fuel our cars and produce our food — all contribute to greenhouse gas emissions, which causes the ...
Ethnomathematics. In mathematics education, ethnomathematics is the study of the relationship between mathematics and culture. [ 1] Often associated with "cultures without written expression", [ 2] it may also be defined as "the mathematics which is practised among identifiable cultural groups". [ 3] It refers to a broad cluster of ideas ...
e. In the economics study of the public sector, economic and social development is the process by which the economic well-being and quality of life of a nation, region, local community, or an individual are improved according to targeted goals and objectives. The term has been used frequently in the 20th and 21st centuries, but the concept has ...
For example, the direct radiative effect of a mass of methane is about 84 times stronger than the same mass of carbon dioxide over a 20-year time frame. [42] Since the 1980s, greenhouse gas forcing contributions (relative to year 1750) are also estimated with high accuracy using IPCC-recommended expressions derived from radiative transfer models .
For example, the manufacture and use of nitrogen fertilizer contributes around 5% of all global greenhouse gas emissions. [123] Livestock farming is a major source of greenhouse gas emissions. [124] At the same time, livestock farming is affected by climate change. Farm animals' digestive systems can be put into two categories: monogastric and ...