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Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization chamber cross section. Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) is an ionization method used in mass spectrometry which utilizes gas-phase ion-molecule reactions at atmospheric pressure (10 5 Pa), [1] [2] commonly coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). [3]
Mass spectrometry for biotechnology. Boston: Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-12-647471-8. Dass C (2001). Principles and practice of biological mass spectrometry. New York: John Wiley. ISBN 978-0-471-33053-0. Muzikar P, et al. (2003). "Accelerator Mass Spectrometry in Geologic Research". Geological Society of America Bulletin. 115: 643– 654.
Peroxynitrate chemical ionization mass spectrometer at the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. CI mass spectrometry is a useful tool in structure elucidation of organic compounds. [3] This is possible with CI, because formation of [M+1] + eliminates a stable molecule, which can be used to guess the functional groups present. [3]
Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometry is a high-resolution technique that can be used to determine masses with high accuracy. Many applications of FTICR-MS use this mass accuracy to help determine the composition of molecules based on accurate mass. This is possible due to the mass defect of the elements.
In the years following, the first commercial triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer was developed at Michigan State University by Enke and Yost in the late 1970s. [2] It was later found that the triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer could be utilized to study organic ions and molecules, thus expanding its capabilities as a tandem MS/MS technique. [1]
In mass spectrometry, the quadrupole mass analyzer (or quadrupole mass filter) is a type of mass analyzer originally conceived [1] by Nobel laureate Wolfgang Paul and his student Helmut Steinwedel. As the name implies, it consists of four cylindrical rods, set parallel to each other. [ 2 ]
A mass spectrum is a histogram plot of intensity vs. mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) in a chemical sample, [1] usually acquired using an instrument called a mass spectrometer. Not all mass spectra of a given substance are the same; for example, some mass spectrometers break the analyte molecules into fragments ; others observe the intact molecular ...
Atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) is a soft ionization method used in mass spectrometry (MS) usually coupled to liquid chromatography (LC). Molecules are ionized using a vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light source operating at atmospheric pressure (105 Pa), either by direct absorption followed by electron ejection or through ionization of a ...
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