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A wax ester (WE) is an ester of a fatty acid and a fatty alcohol. Wax esters are the main components of three commercially important waxes: carnauba wax, candelilla wax, and beeswax. [1] Wax esters are formed by combining one fatty acid with one fatty alcohol: + ′ ′ +
Esparto wax – a byproduct of making paper from esparto grass (Macrochloa tenacissima) Japan wax – a vegetable triglyceride (not a true wax), from the berries of Rhus and Toxicodendron species; Jojoba oil – a liquid wax ester, from the seed of Simmondsia chinensis. Ouricury wax – from the Brazilian feather palm, Syagrus coronata.
An ester of carboxylic acid.R stands for any group (organic or inorganic) and R′ stands for organyl group.. In chemistry, an ester is a compound derived from an acid (organic or inorganic) in which the hydrogen atom (H) of at least one acidic hydroxyl group (−OH) of that acid is replaced by an organyl group (−R).
Fatty alcohols became commercially available in the early 1900s. They were originally obtained by reduction of wax esters with sodium by the Bouveault–Blanc reduction process. In the 1930s catalytic hydrogenation was commercialized, which allowed the conversion of fatty acid esters, typically tallow, to the alcohols.
The level of wax esters in the spermaceti organ increases with the age of the whale: 38–51% in calves, 58–87% in adult females, and 71–94% in adult males. [4] Spermaceti wax is extracted from sperm oil by crystallisation at 6 °C (43 °F), when treated by pressure and a chemical solution of caustic alkali. Spermaceti forms brilliant white ...
A natural wax is chemically defined as an ester with a very long hydrocarbon chain that also includes a long chain alcohol. [2] Examples are: Stearic acid (E570) Beeswax (E901) Candelilla wax (E902) Carnauba wax (E903) Shellac (E904) Microcrystalline wax (E905c), Crystalline wax (E907) Lanolin (E913) Oxidized polyethylene wax (E914) Esters of ...
It is an ingredient in printing inks, photocopying and laser printing paper, varnishes, adhesives (glues), soap, paper sizing, soda, soldering fluxes, and sealing wax. It can be used as a glazing agent in medicines and chewing gum. It is denoted by E number E915. A related glycerol ester (E445) can be used as an emulsifier in soft drinks.
An ester of a carboxylic acid. R stands for any group (typically hydrogen or organyl) and R ′ stands for any organyl group. In chemistry, an ester is a compound derived from an acid (organic or inorganic) in which the hydrogen atom (H) of at least one acidic hydroxyl group (−OH) of that acid is replaced by an organyl group (R ′). [1]