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Ulmus americana, generally known as the American elm or, less commonly, as the white elm or water elm, [a] is a species of elm native to eastern North America. The trees can live for several hundred years.
The tree can grow to greater than 30 m in height, and is distinguished by its dense, symmetrical, upright form and dark green foliage, ultimately forming a broad umbrella crown. Crotch angles can be acute, with considerable bark inclusion which can later lead to branch breakages.
The American elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Lewis & Clark' (trade name Prairie Expedition) is a development from the North Dakota State University (NDSU) Research Foundation breeding programme, released in 2004 to commemorate the 200th anniversary of the eponymous expedition. [1]
Ulmus americana var. floridana, the Florida elm, first described as Ulmus floridana by Alvan Wentworth Chapman in the 1860s, is smaller than the type, and occurs naturally in north and central Florida south to Lake Okeechobee.
The American elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Aurea' was cloned from a tree discovered by F. L. Temple in Vermont at the end of the 19th century. [1] [2] Description
A clone cultivated in China as Ulmus americana 'Pendula', top-grafted on Ulmus pumila stock, is neither Ulmus americana nor Scampston elm (formerly mis-named Ulmus americana 'Pendula'), but, in the case of the majority of photographs on the Plant Photo Bank of China, a weeping form of U. glabra Huds., probably 'Camperdownii'. [18] [19]
The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'St. Croix' is a recent (2008) selection cloned from a large tree growing on a farm near Afton, Minnesota, [1] which has displayed a high resistance to Dutch elm disease (DED). [2] A U S patent, PP 20097, was granted in 2009.
The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Littleford' was cloned from a tree in Hinsdale, Illinois, circa 1915 by Littleford Nurseries of Downers Grove, Illinois, and first released in 1927. [1] It was marketed in the 1930s by nearby Hinsdale Nurseries, successor to Littleford Nurseries, as 'Littlefordii'. [ 2 ]