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The Gustilo open fracture classification system is the most commonly used classification system for open fractures. It was created by Ramón Gustilo and Anderson, and then further expanded by Gustilo, Mendoza, and Williams. [1] [2] [3]
However, Gustilo-Anderson open fracture classification is the most commonly used classification system. [1] Gustilo system grades the fracture according to energy of injury, soft tissue damage, level of contamination, and comminution of fractures. The higher the grade, the worse the outcome of the fracture. [5]
Tscherne classification – Used to describe external appearance of wounds in both open and closed fractures. Gustilo-Anderson classification – Classifies open fractures based on wound size, extent of soft tissue loss, and degree of contamination. [15] Hannover Fracture scale – Used in open fractures as an extremity salvage assessment.
Two systems of fracture classification are commonly used to aid diagnosis and management of tibia shaft fractures: [citation needed] Oestern and Tscherne Classification; Gustilo-Anderson Classification; Management is dependent on the determination of whether the fracture is open or closed. [citation needed]
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NRI attempts to quantify how well a new model correctly reclassifies subjects. Typically this comparison is between an original model (e.g. hip fractures as a function age and sex) and a new model which is the original model plus one additional component (e.g. hip fractures as a function of age, sex, and a genetic or proteomic biomarker).
Anderson's theory of faulting, devised by Ernest Masson Anderson in 1905, is a way of classifying geological faults by use of principal stress. [1] [2] A fault is a fracture in the surface of the Earth that occurs when rocks break under extreme stress. [3] Movement of rock along the fracture occurs in faults.
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