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VASCAR (Visual Average Speed Computer And Recorder) is a type of device for calculating the speed of a moving vehicle. The first VASCAR device was created in 1966 by Arthur Marshall. [ 1 ] It is used by police officers to enforce speed limits , and may be preferred where radar or lidar is illegal, such as some jurisdictions in Pennsylvania ...
A radar speed gun, also known as a radar gun, speed gun, or speed trap gun, is a device used to measure the speed of moving objects. It is commonly used by police to check the speed of moving vehicles while conducting traffic enforcement , and in professional sports to measure speeds such as those of baseball pitches , [ 1 ] tennis serves , and ...
Lidar has a narrow beam, and easily targets an individual vehicle, thereby eliminating the need for visual estimation, [3] [1] and some models can record an image of the license plate at the same instant as recording the speed violation. Speed estimation takes less than half a second, which, together with the narrow, targeted beam, results in ...
Video detection and ranging (VIDAR) is a technique to measure the speed or other information of a distant vehicle using advanced stereoscopic imaging techniques. VIDAR technology has application in remote sensing , traffic enforcement .
Optical flow or optic flow is the pattern of apparent motion of objects, surfaces, and edges in a visual scene caused by the relative motion between an observer and a scene. [1] [2] Optical flow can also be defined as the distribution of apparent velocities of movement of brightness pattern in an image. [3]
Gatso speed camera. Speed limits are enforced on most public roadways by authorities, with the purpose to improve driver compliance with speed limits.Methods used include roadside speed traps set up and operated by the police and automated roadside "speed camera" systems, which may incorporate the use of an automatic number plate recognition system. [1]
As a practical matter, the speed differential required to run around a target meant most warships and ocean liners could not be attacked when angle on the bow was greater than 90° . [2] Estimation of target angle is based on the observer's visual identification of target features like differentiating the bow from the stern.
Traffic simulation or the simulation of transportation systems is the mathematical modeling of transportation systems (e.g., freeway junctions, arterial routes, roundabouts, downtown grid systems, etc.) through the application of computer software to better help plan, design, and operate transportation systems. [1]