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A hospital-acquired infection, also known as a nosocomial infection (from the Greek nosokomeion, meaning "hospital"), is an infection that is acquired in a hospital or other healthcare facility. [1] To emphasize both hospital and nonhospital settings, it is sometimes instead called a healthcare-associated infection . [ 2 ]
Hospital acquired pneumonia is the second most common nosocomial infection (after urinary tract infections) and accounts for 15–20% of the total. [1] [2] [3] It is the most common cause of death among nosocomial infections and is the primary cause of death in intensive care units.
[29] [30] Over time, the English-language pronunciation of the plural fomites changed from / ˈ f oʊ m ɪ t iː z /) to / ˈ f oʊ m aɪ t s /, which led to the creation of a new singular fomite, pronounced / ˈ f oʊ m aɪ t /. [30] [31] [32] In Latin, fomes (genitive: fomitis, plural fomites, stem fomit-) is a third-declension T-stem noun.
The second is an iatrogenic infection. This type of infection is one that is transmitted from a health care worker to a patient. A nosocomial infection is also one that occurs in a health care setting. Nosocomial infections are those that are acquired during a hospital stay.
Tertiary peritonitis is a frequent complication of intra-abdominal infection in those patients who have been admitted to intensive care units and it is a hospital-acquired infection. Tertiary peritonitis differs from secondary peritonitis due to the difference in microbial flora which is present and due to the lack of response to appropriate ...
Overall MRSA infection rates varied in Latin America: Colombia and Venezuela combined had 3%, Mexico had 50%, Chile 38%, Brazil 29%, and Argentina 28%. [89] The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimated that about 1.7 million nosocomial infections occurred in the United States in 2002, with 99,000 associated deaths. [111]
Infectious diseases (ID), also known as infectiology, is a medical specialty dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of infections. An infectious diseases specialist's practice consists of managing nosocomial (healthcare-acquired) infections or community-acquired infections. [1]
Pneumonia is the most common hospital-acquired infection that causes death. [29] Before the advent of antibiotics, mortality was typically 30% in those that were hospitalized. [ 22 ] However, for those whose lung condition deteriorates within 72 hours, the problem is usually due to sepsis. [ 41 ]