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Terrain (from Latin: terra 'earth'), alternatively relief or topographical relief, is the dimension and shape of a given surface of land. In physical geography , terrain is the lay of the land. This is usually expressed in terms of the elevation , slope , and orientation of terrain features.
Earth's surface topography comprises both the topography of the ocean surface, and the shape of Earth's land surface. The submarine terrain of the ocean floor has an average bathymetric depth of 4 km, and is as varied as the terrain above sea level.
Badlands – Type of heavily eroded terrain; Bornhardt – A large dome-shaped, steep-sided, bald rock; Butte – Isolated hill with steep, often vertical sides and a small, relatively flat top; Canyon – Deep chasm between cliffs; Cave – Natural void under the Earth's surface; Cirque – An amphitheatre-like valley formed by glacial erosion
Terrain cartography or relief mapping is the depiction of the shape of the surface of the Earth on a map, using one or more of several techniques that have been developed. Terrain or relief is an essential aspect of physical geography , and as such its portrayal presents a central problem in cartographic design , and more recently geographic ...
Terrain is commonly modelled either using vector (triangulated irregular network or TIN) or gridded (raster image) mathematical models. In the most applications in environmental sciences, land surface is represented and modelled using gridded models. In civil engineering and entertainment businesses, the most representations of land surface ...
Earth’s inner core, a red-hot ball of iron 1,800 miles below our feet, stopped spinning recently, and it may now be reversing directions, according to an analysis of seismic activity.
He made the first known reliable estimation of the Earth's size. [13] He is considered the father of mathematical geography and geodesy. [13] [14] Ptolemy (c. 90 – c. 168), who compiled Greek and Roman knowledge to produce the book Geographia. Abū Rayhān Bīrūnī (973 – 1048 AD), considered the father of geodesy. [15] [16] [verification ...
Image credits: Furious Thoughts You can also use Google Earth to explore the planet and various cities, locations, and landscapes using coordinates.The program covers most of the globe (97% back ...